文件监控与自动备份工具：实时监听文件夹变化、新增/修改/删除自动检测、一键备份到目标目录

🖥️ 运行效果

🚀 实例简介

基于 Python + Tkinter + watchdog 开发的桌面文件监控与自动备份工具。实时监听指定文件夹的文件变化（新增、修改、删除），支持一键备份整个目录到目标位置，实时日志显示所有文件操作记录。

💻 核心代码

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""文件监控与自动备份工具 - 实时监听文件夹变化，一键备份到目标目录"""

import os
import time
import shutil
import threading
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttk, filedialog, messagebox, scrolledtext
from datetime import datetime
from watchdog.observers import Observer
from watchdog.events import FileSystemEventHandler

# 中文字体配置（Linux/Mac/Windows自适应）
CHINESE_FONT = "WenQuanYi Zen Hei" if os.name != "nt" else "Microsoft YaHei"


class FileMonitorHandler(FileSystemEventHandler):
    """文件系统事件处理器，捕获新增/修改/删除事件"""

    def __init__(self, log_callback):
        super().__init__()
        self.log_callback = log_callback

    def on_created(self, event):
        if not event.is_directory:
            self.log_callback(f"[新增] {os.path.basename(event.src_path)}")

    def on_modified(self, event):
        if not event.is_directory:
            self.log_callback(f"[修改] {os.path.basename(event.src_path)}")

    def on_deleted(self, event):
        if not event.is_directory:
            self.log_callback(f"[删除] {os.path.basename(event.src_path)}")


class FileMonitorApp:
    """主应用窗口"""

    def __init__(self, root):
        self.root = root
        self.root.title("文件监控与自动备份工具")
        self.root.geometry("720x560")
        self.root.configure(bg="#f0f0f0")

        self.observer = None
        self.monitor_path = ""
        self.backup_path = ""

        self._build_ui()

    def _build_ui(self):
        """构建界面"""
        # 标题
        title = tk.Label(self.root, text="📁 文件监控与自动备份工具",
                         font=(CHINESE_FONT, 18, "bold"), bg="#f0f0f0", fg="#333")
        title.pack(pady=10)

        # 监控目录设置
        frame1 = tk.LabelFrame(self.root, text="监控设置", font=(CHINESE_FONT, 11, "bold"),
                               bg="#f0f0f0", padx=10, pady=8)
        frame1.pack(fill="x", padx=15, pady=5)

        tk.Label(frame1, text="监控目录:", font=(CHINESE_FONT, 10), bg="#f0f0f0").grid(row=0, column=0, sticky="w")
        self.monitor_entry = tk.Entry(frame1, width=50, font=(CHINESE_FONT, 10))
        self.monitor_entry.grid(row=0, column=1, padx=5)
        tk.Button(frame1, text="浏览", font=(CHINESE_FONT, 9), command=self._browse_monitor).grid(row=0, column=2)

        tk.Label(frame1, text="备份目录:", font=(CHINESE_FONT, 10), bg="#f0f0f0").grid(row=1, column=0, sticky="w", pady=5)
        self.backup_entry = tk.Entry(frame1, width=50, font=(CHINESE_FONT, 10))
        self.backup_entry.grid(row=1, column=1, padx=5, pady=5)
        tk.Button(frame1, text="浏览", font=(CHINESE_FONT, 9), command=self._browse_backup).grid(row=1, column=2)

        # 控制按钮
        btn_frame = tk.Frame(self.root, bg="#f0f0f0")
        btn_frame.pack(pady=8)
        self.start_btn = tk.Button(btn_frame, text="▶ 开始监控", font=(CHINESE_FONT, 11, "bold"),
                                   bg="#4CAF50", fg="white", width=12, command=self._start_monitor)

💡 适用场景

办公自动化、数据分析、快速原型开发